Transgenic animals: 5 usesपारजीनी जंतु: 5 उपयोग

Class 12 Biology · Chapter 10 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Transgenic animal (पारजीनी जंतु) — An animal whose DNA was manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene. Rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows and fish have been made, but over 95% are mice.
• Normal physiology and development (सामान्य कार्यिकी व विकास) — Study how genes are regulated and affect body functions and development — e.g. insulin-like growth factor.
• Study of disease (रोगों का अध्ययन) — Models for human diseases — cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s — to investigate new treatments.
• Biological products (जैविक उत्पाद) — Human α-1-antitrypsin (for emphysema). Rosie, the first transgenic cow (1997), gave milk with human alpha-lactalbumin (2.4 g per litre).
• Vaccine safety (टीका सुरक्षा) — Transgenic mice test the safety of vaccines (e.g. polio vaccine) before use on humans — could replace monkeys.
• Chemical safety testing (रासायनिक सुरक्षा परीक्षण) — Animals carrying genes that make them MORE sensitive to toxic substances give results in less time.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake