Kinds of pollinationपरागण के प्रकार

NCERT Fig 1.9 · Class 12 Biology · Chapter 1 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Autogamy (स्वयुग्मन) — Pollen from the anther is transferred to the stigma of the SAME flower. Needs anthers and stigma close together and pollen release and stigma receptivity at the same time (synchrony).
• Geitonogamy (सजातपुष्पी परागण) — Pollen goes to the stigma of ANOTHER flower of the SAME plant. Functionally it is cross-pollination (needs a pollinating agent), but genetically it is like autogamy — pollen comes from the same plant.
• Xenogamy (परनिषेचन) — Pollen goes to the stigma of a flower on a DIFFERENT plant. The only type that brings genetically different pollen to the stigma.
• Chasmogamous vs cleistogamous flowers (उन्मील परागणी vs अनुन्मील्य परागणी पुष्प) — Chasmogamous flowers have exposed anthers and stigma (they open). Cleistogamous flowers never open (e.g. Viola, Oxalis, Commelina) — anthers and stigma lie close; they are invariably autogamous and give assured seed-set even without pollinators. Commelina has both types.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 1.9. Report a mistake