Transverse waves: polarised (one plane) and unpolarised (random planes)अनुप्रस्थ तरंगें: ध्रुवित (एक तल) और अध्रुवित (यादृच्छिक तल)Transverse waves: polarised (one plane) and unpolarised (random planes)

NCERT Fig 10.17 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 10 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Wave on a string (डोरी पर तरंग) — y(x, t) = a sin(kx − ωt): the string stays in the x-y plane — a plane (linearly) polarised wave. Dashed: a moment Δt later.
• Displacement (along y) (विस्थापन (y के अनुदिश)) — Perpendicular to the direction of travel (x): a transverse wave.
• Direction of travel (+x) (संचरण दिशा (+x)) — The wave moves along +x.
• Unpolarised light (end-on view) (अध्रुवित प्रकाश (सामने से)) — The plane of vibration of E changes randomly and very fast, but E always stays perpendicular to the beam. E.g. sunlight, a bulb, a sodium lamp.
• Linearly polarised light (रैखिकतः ध्रुवित प्रकाश) — E oscillates along one fixed line (double arrow).
• Slot analogy (खाँचे की उपमा) — A vertical slot lets vertical string vibrations through and stops horizontal ones — only transverse waves can be polarised like this.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 10.17. Report a mistake