Entering a denser medium: speed and wavelength drop, frequency stays the sameसघन माध्यम में प्रवेश: चाल और तरंगदैर्घ्य घटते हैं, आवृत्ति वही रहती हैEntering a denser medium: speed and wavelength drop, frequency stays the same

NCERT Eq 10.7 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 10 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Wavefronts in medium 1 (one λ₁ apart) (माध्यम 1 में तरंगाग्र (λ₁ दूरी पर)) — Successive crests, spaced λ₁ = v₁/ν.
• Wavefronts in medium 2 (one λ₂ apart) (माध्यम 2 में तरंगाग्र (λ₂ दूरी पर)) — λ₂/λ₁ = v₂/v₁: the same crests meet at the boundary, so as many crests leave per second as arrive — frequency unchanged. Spacing drawn to scale for n = 1.5.
• Ray (किरण) — Perpendicular to the wavefronts; bends towards the normal.
• Denser medium (n = 1.5) (सघन माध्यम (n = 1.5)) — Light is slower here: v₂ = c/n.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Eq 10.7. Report a mistake