Intrinsic semiconductor at T = 0 K and T > 0 KT = 0 K और T > 0 K पर नैज अर्धचालकIntrinsic semiconductor at T = 0 K and T > 0 K

NCERT Fig 14.6 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 14 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• (a) At T = 0 K ((a) T = 0 K पर) — No electron can reach the conduction band: the intrinsic semiconductor behaves like an insulator.
• Valence band full (0 K) (संयोजकता बैंड भरा (0 K)) — Every state is occupied.
• Energy gap Eg (ऊर्जा अंतराल Eg) — Si 1.1 eV, Ge 0.7 eV.
• (b) At T > 0 K ((b) T > 0 K पर) — Thermal energy lifts a few electrons across the gap. The picture shows four electron–hole pairs.
• Electrons in the conduction band (चालन बैंड में इलेक्ट्रॉन) — They partially occupy the conduction band and conduct.
• Holes left in the valence band (संयोजकता बैंड में होल) — Equal in number to the electrons that went up: ne = nh = ni (intrinsic carrier concentration).
• Thermal excitation (ऊष्मीय उत्तेजन) — At the same time electrons and holes recombine; in equilibrium generation rate = recombination rate.
• Energy gap Eg (ऊर्जा अंतराल Eg) — Si 1.1 eV, Ge 0.7 eV.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 14.6. Report a mistake