Energy bands of a semiconductor at 0 K0 K पर अर्धचालक के ऊर्जा बैंडEnergy bands of a semiconductor at 0 K

NCERT Fig 14.1 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 14 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Conduction band (चालन बैंड) — The higher band of 4N closely spaced states. Completely empty at 0 K; electrons that reach it can move freely and conduct.
• Valence band (संयोजकता बैंड) — The lower band of 4N states holding the 4N valence electrons of N atoms (Si or Ge have 4 valence electrons each). Completely filled at 0 K.
• EC — bottom of conduction band (EC — चालन बैंड का तल) — The lowest energy level in the conduction band.
• EV — top of valence band (EV — संयोजकता बैंड का शीर्ष) — The highest energy level in the valence band.
• Energy band gap Eg (ऊर्जा बैंड अंतराल Eg) — Eg = EC − EV. For C (diamond) 5.4 eV, Si 1.1 eV, Ge 0.7 eV.
• Forbidden gap (वर्जित अंतराल) — No allowed electron states lie between EV and EC in a pure crystal.
• Energy axis (ऊर्जा अक्ष) — Electron energy increases upward.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 14.1. Report a mistake