How X-rays are produced (X-ray tube)X-किरणें कैसे बनती हैं (X-किरण नलिका)How X-rays are produced (X-ray tube)

NCERT §8.4.6 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 8 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Hot cathode (filament) (तप्त कैथोड (तंतु)) — Heated filament that gives out electrons.
• Fast electrons (तेज़ इलेक्ट्रॉन) — Accelerated through a high voltage, they gain high energy.
• Metal target (anode) (धातु लक्ष्य (ऐनोड)) — The electrons are suddenly stopped here; this rapid deceleration (and inner-shell transitions in its atoms) gives X-rays.
• X-rays (≈ 1 nm to 10⁻³ nm) (X-किरणें (≈ 1 nm से 10⁻³ nm)) — Used for medical diagnosis and some cancer treatment; avoid unnecessary exposure — they damage living tissue.
• Evacuated glass tube (निर्वातित काँच की नलिका) — Vacuum lets the electrons travel without hitting air molecules.
• High-voltage supply (उच्च वोल्टता स्रोत) — Keeps the target positive with respect to the cathode, so electrons are accelerated towards it.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT §8.4.6. Report a mistake