Structure of an antibody moleculeप्रतिरक्षी (एंटीबॉडी) अणु की संरचना
NCERT Fig 7.4 · Class 12 Biology · Chapter 7 · interactive diagram
Parts and their functions
- Heavy chains (H) (भारी शृंखलाएँ (H)) — The two longer peptide chains of the antibody.
- Light chains (L) (हल्की शृंखलाएँ (L)) — The two small peptide chains. Two heavy + two light chains → an antibody is written H₂L₂.
- Antigen binding sites (प्रतिजन बंधन स्थल) — The two tips of the Y where the antibody binds its specific antigen.
- Disulphide (S–S) bonds (डाइसल्फ़ाइड (S–S) बंध) — Bonds that hold the four chains together (heavy–heavy and light–heavy).
- Antigen (प्रतिजन (एंटीजन)) — A foreign molecule (e.g. on a pathogen) that the antibody recognises and binds.
Steps
- 1 · Four chains: 2 heavy + 2 light = H₂L₂.
- 2 · Each arm tip binds a specific antigen.
Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 7.4. Report a mistake