Mature embryo sac — 7 cells, 8 nucleiपरिपक्व भ्रूणकोश — 7 कोशिकाएँ, 8 केंद्रक

NCERT Fig 1.8c · Class 12 Biology · Chapter 1 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Antipodal cells (3) (प्रतिमुख कोशिकाएँ (3)) — Three cells at the CHALAZAL end.
• Central cell (केंद्रीय कोशिका) — The large central cell of the embryo sac; holds the 2 polar nuclei. After triple fusion it becomes the primary endosperm cell (PEC).
• Polar nuclei (2) (ध्रुवीय केंद्रक (2)) — Two nuclei (one from each end) situated below the egg apparatus in the central cell. They fuse with a male gamete in triple fusion → triploid PEN.
• Egg cell (अंड कोशिका) — The female gamete; part of the egg apparatus at the micropylar end. Fuses with a male gamete (syngamy) → zygote (2n).
• Synergids (2) (सहायक कोशिकाएँ (2)) — Two cells beside the egg (egg apparatus = 2 synergids + 1 egg). The pollen tube enters one synergid and releases the male gametes into it.
• Filiform apparatus (तंतुरूप समुच्चय) — Special cellular thickenings at the micropylar tip of the synergids. It GUIDES the pollen tube into the synergid.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 1.8c. Report a mistake