Isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic solutionsसमपरासरी, अतिपरासरी और अल्पपरासरी विलयनIsotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic solutions

Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 1 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Isotonic (0.9% NaCl, normal saline) (समपरासरी (0.9% NaCl, नॉर्मल सलाइन)) — Same osmotic pressure as the cell fluid → no net osmosis; the cell keeps its shape. Safe to inject intravenously.
• Hypertonic (more than 0.9% NaCl) (अतिपरासरी (0.9% से अधिक NaCl)) — Water flows out of the cell → it shrinks.
• Hypotonic (less than 0.9% NaCl) (अल्पपरासरी (0.9% से कम NaCl)) — Water flows into the cell → it swells (and may burst).
• Direction of water flow (जल प्रवाह की दिशा) — Water always moves from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration across the membrane.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake