Boiling points of some alkyl halidesकुछ ऐल्किल हैलाइडों के क्वथनांकBoiling points of some alkyl halides

NCERT Fig 6.1 · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 6 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Alkyl chlorides (ऐल्किल क्लोराइड) — Lowest b.p. of the three for the same alkyl group (smallest, lightest halogen of the three).
• Alkyl bromides (ऐल्किल ब्रोमाइड) — Higher b.p. than chlorides: bigger atom with more electrons → stronger van der Waals forces.
• Alkyl iodides (ऐल्किल आयोडाइड) — Highest b.p.: RI > RBr > RCl > RF.
• Methyl halides (मेथिल हैलाइड) — CH₃Cl and CH₃Br are gases at room temperature (NCERT).
• Ethyl halides (एथिल हैलाइड) — Ethyl chloride is also a gas at room temperature (b.p. ≈ 285 K).
• n-Propyl halides (n-प्रोपिल हैलाइड) — Bigger alkyl group → more electrons → higher b.p.
• Order for the same alkyl group (समान ऐल्किल समूह के लिए क्रम) — RI > RBr > RCl > RF — van der Waals forces grow with the size and mass of the halogen atom.
• Axes (अक्ष) — Vertical: boiling point in kelvin.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 6.1. Report a mistake