Hydrogen–oxygen fuel cellहाइड्रोजन–ऑक्सीजन ईंधन सेलHydrogen–oxygen fuel cell

NCERT Fig 2.12 · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Anode — porous carbon with catalyst (ऐनोड — उत्प्रेरक युक्त सरंध्र कार्बन) — 2H₂(g) + 4OH⁻(aq) → 4H₂O(l) + 4e⁻. Finely divided Pt or Pd in the electrodes speeds up the reactions.
• Cathode — porous carbon with catalyst (कैथोड — उत्प्रेरक युक्त सरंध्र कार्बन) — O₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) + 4e⁻ → 4OH⁻(aq).
• Hydrogen fed in continuously (हाइड्रोजन लगातार दी जाती है) — Reactants are fed continuously and products removed, so the cell runs as long as fuel is supplied.
• Oxygen fed in continuously (ऑक्सीजन लगातार दी जाती है) — Overall: 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(l).
• Concentrated aqueous NaOH (सांद्र जलीय NaOH) — The electrolyte; gases are bubbled through the porous electrodes into it.
• Water — the only product (पानी — एकमात्र उत्पाद) — In the Apollo space programme the water vapour was condensed and added to the astronauts’ drinking water. Efficiency ≈ 70% (thermal plants ≈ 40%); pollution free.
• External circuit (load) (बाहरी परिपथ (लोड)) — Electrons travel from anode to cathode through the outer circuit.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.12. Report a mistake