Daniell cell (a galvanic cell)डेनियल सेल (एक गैल्वेनी सेल)Daniell cell (a galvanic cell)

NCERT Fig 2.1 · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Zinc electrode — anode (−) (जिंक इलेक्ट्रोड — ऐनोड (−)) — Oxidation happens here: Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻. Electrons are left on the rod, so it is the negative pole.
• Copper electrode — cathode (+) (कॉपर इलेक्ट्रोड — कैथोड (+)) — Reduction happens here: Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s). Copper deposits on the rod.
• Zinc sulphate solution (जिंक सल्फेट विलयन) — The anode half-cell (oxidation half-cell). [Zn²⁺] increases as the cell works.
• Copper sulphate solution (कॉपर सल्फेट विलयन) — The cathode half-cell (reduction half-cell). [Cu²⁺] decreases as the cell works.
• Salt bridge (लवण सेतु) — Connects the two solutions internally and completes the circuit, keeping both solutions electrically neutral.
• Voltmeter (वोल्टमीटर) — Reads 1.1 V when [Zn²⁺] = [Cu²⁺] = 1 mol dm⁻³.
• Electron flow: Zn → Cu (outer wire) (इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रवाह: Zn → Cu (बाहरी तार)) — Electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive one; conventional current flows the opposite way (Cu → Zn).

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.1. Report a mistake