Starch: amylose and amylopectin (and glycogen)स्टार्च: ऐमिलोस और ऐमिलोपेक्टिन (और ग्लाइकोजन)Starch: amylose and amylopectin (and glycogen)

NCERT Amylose, amylopectin (10.1.4) · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 10 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Amylose (15–20% of starch) (ऐमिलोस (स्टार्च का 15–20%)) — Water-soluble. A long unbranched chain of 200–1000 α-D-(+)-glucose units held by C1–C4 glycosidic linkages.
• α-(1→4) glycosidic link (α-(1→4) ग्लाइकोसाइडी बंध) — C-1 (α) of one glucose to C-4 of the next — the same link as in maltose.
• Amylopectin (80–85% of starch) (ऐमिलोपेक्टिन (स्टार्च का 80–85%)) — Insoluble in water. Branched chain polymer of α-D-glucose: the chain is formed by C1–C4 linkages, the branches by C1–C6 linkages.
• Start of a branch (शाखा की शुरुआत) — A glucose unit attached through its C-1 to the C-6 (CH₂OH carbon) of a chain unit.
• α-(1→6) branch link (α-(1→6) शाखा बंध) — Makes amylopectin branched. Amylose has none.
• Glycogen (ग्लाइकोजन) — Storage carbohydrate of animals (liver, muscles, brain), also found in yeast and fungi. Structure like amylopectin but more highly branched. When the body needs glucose, enzymes break glycogen down to glucose.

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