Structure of (a) a nucleoside and (b) a nucleotide(a) न्यूक्लिओसाइड और (b) न्यूक्लिओटाइड की संरचनाStructure of (a) a nucleoside and (b) a nucleotide

NCERT Fig 10.5 · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 10 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Nucleoside (न्यूक्लिओसाइड) — A unit formed by attachment of a base to the 1′ position of the sugar.
• Nucleotide (न्यूक्लिओटाइड) — A nucleoside linked to phosphoric acid at the 5′ position of the sugar. Nucleic acids are long chains of nucleotides (polynucleotides).
• Base at C-1′ (C-1′ पर क्षारक) — A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base: A, G, C, T (DNA) or A, G, C, U (RNA).
• C-5′ (–CH₂–) (C-5′ (–CH₂–)) — Free –CH₂OH in the nucleoside; joined to phosphate in the nucleotide.
• Phosphate group (from phosphoric acid) (फ़ॉस्फ़ेट समूह (फ़ॉस्फ़ोरिक अम्ल से)) — Ester bond with the 5′-OH of the sugar.
• Position 2′ (स्थिति 2′) — –OH in ribose (RNA); –H in 2-deoxyribose (DNA).

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 10.5. Report a mistake