Diazotisation of aniline (273–278 K)ऐनिलीन का डाइऐज़ोटीकरण (273–278 K)Diazotisation of aniline (273–278 K)
Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 9 · interactive diagram
Parts and what they mean
- Aniline (primary aromatic amine) (ऐनिलीन (प्राथमिक ऐरोमैटिक ऐमीन)) — Only primary aromatic amines give fairly stable diazonium salts; primary aliphatic ones give very unstable alkyldiazonium salts.
- NaNO₂ + HCl (nitrous acid made in the mixture) (NaNO₂ + HCl (मिश्रण में बना नाइट्रस अम्ल)) — Nitrous acid is unstable, so it is produced in the reaction mixture from sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid.
- Benzenediazonium chloride, C₆H₅N₂⁺Cl⁻ (बेन्ज़ीनडाइऐज़ोनियम क्लोराइड, C₆H₅N₂⁺Cl⁻) — Named by adding "diazonium" to the parent hydrocarbon, then the anion: benzenediazonium chloride. –N₂⁺ is the diazonium group. Its stability is explained by resonance.
- Balanced equation of diazotisation (डाइऐज़ोटीकरण का संतुलित समीकरण) — C 6, H 9, N 2, O 2, Na 1, Cl 2 on both sides.
- Temperature 273–278 K (0–5 °C) (ताप 273–278 K (0–5 °C)) — Arenediazonium salts are stable only for a short time in solution at low temperature, so the salt is not stored but used immediately.
- Physical properties (NCERT 9.8) (भौतिक गुण (NCERT 9.8)) — Colourless crystalline solid, readily soluble in water, stable in cold but reacts with water when warmed, decomposes easily in the dry state. Benzenediazonium fluoroborate is water-insoluble and stable at room temperature.
- If the solution warms up (यदि विलयन गर्म हो जाए) — At about 283 K the salt is hydrolysed: ArN₂⁺Cl⁻ + H₂O → ArOH + N₂ + HCl.
Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake