Hydrogen bonding in carboxylic acids: dimer and with waterकार्बोक्सिलिक अम्लों में हाइड्रोजन आबंधन: द्विलक और जल के साथHydrogen bonding in carboxylic acids: dimer and with water

Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 8 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• First RCOOH molecule (पहला RCOOH अणु) — Its C=O accepts and its O–H donates a hydrogen bond.
• Second RCOOH molecule (दूसरा RCOOH अणु) — Mirror partner: together they form an 8-membered H-bonded ring.
• Two O–H···O=C hydrogen bonds (दो O–H···O=C हाइड्रोजन बंध) — Not broken completely even in the vapour phase, so carboxylic acids boil higher than aldehydes, ketones and even alcohols of comparable molecular mass.
• RCOOH in water (जल में RCOOH) — Acids with up to four carbon atoms are miscible with water; solubility falls as the hydrocarbon part grows.
• Water molecule (H-bond donor) (जल अणु (H-बंध दाता)) — Its H bonds to the carbonyl O of the acid.
• Water molecule (H-bond acceptor) (जल अणु (H-बंध ग्राही)) — Its O accepts the acidic H of –COOH.
• Hydrogen bonds with water (जल के साथ हाइड्रोजन बंध) — Higher acids are practically insoluble (hydrophobic chain); benzoic acid is nearly insoluble in cold water.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake