Cannizzaro reaction and ring substitutionकैनिज़ारो अभिक्रिया और वलय प्रतिस्थापनCannizzaro reaction and ring substitution
Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 8 · interactive diagram
Parts and what they mean
- Two molecules of methanal (no α-H) (मेथेनैल के दो अणु (α-H नहीं)) — Aldehydes without α-H cannot form an enolate, so with concentrated alkali they disproportionate.
- Methanol — reduced product (मेथेनॉल — अपचयित उत्पाद) — One aldehyde molecule is reduced to the alcohol.
- Potassium formate — oxidised product (पोटैशियम फ़ॉर्मेट — ऑक्सीकृत उत्पाद) — The other molecule is oxidised to the carboxylic acid salt.
- Two molecules of benzaldehyde (बेंज़ैल्डिहाइड के दो अणु) — 2 C₆H₅CHO + NaOH → C₆H₅CH₂OH + C₆H₅COONa.
- Benzaldehyde (no α-H) (बेंज़ैल्डिहाइड (α-H नहीं)) — Gives Cannizzaro, not aldol, with concentrated NaOH.
- Benzyl alcohol (phenylmethanol) (बेन्ज़िल ऐल्कोहॉल (फ़ेनिलमेथेनॉल)) — Reduced half.
- Sodium benzoate (सोडियम बेंज़ोएट) — Oxidised half.
- plus (और) — Both products form together in a 1 : 1 ratio.
- m-Nitrobenzaldehyde (3-nitrobenzaldehyde) (m-नाइट्रोबेंज़ैल्डिहाइड (3-नाइट्रोबेंज़ैल्डिहाइड)) — The carbonyl group is deactivating and meta-directing.
Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake