Oxidation states of the first-row transition metalsप्रथम श्रेणी संक्रमण धातुओं की ऑक्सीकरण अवस्थाएँOxidation states of the first-row transition metals

Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 4 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Known oxidation states (ज्ञात ऑक्सीकरण अवस्थाएँ) — As listed in NCERT Table 4.3. Notice the states differ by one unit (Mn: +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7).
• Mn shows the most (Mn सबसे अधिक दिखाता है) — 3d⁵ 4s²: all seven outer electrons can be used — every state from +2 to +7.
• Maximum = sum of 4s and 3d electrons (up to Mn) (अधिकतम = 4s और 3d इलेक्ट्रॉनों का योग (Mn तक)) — Sc +3, Ti +4, V +5, Cr +6, Mn +7. After Mn the maximum falls (Fe +6, Co/Ni +4, Cu +2).
• Few states at the ends (सिरों पर कम अवस्थाएँ) — Sc has too few electrons to lose; Zn has too many d electrons to share (d¹⁰). So Sc shows +3 and Zn +2.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on the NCERT textbook. Report a mistake