Chemical reactions of the lanthanoidsलैंथेनॉयडों की रासायनिक अभिक्रियाएँChemical reactions of the lanthanoids

NCERT 4.7 · Class 12 Chemistry · Chapter 4 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• LnC₂: carbide (LnC₂: कार्बाइड) — Heated with carbon at 2773 K. NCERT also lists carbides Ln₃C and Ln₂C₃.
• LnN: nitride (LnN: नाइट्राइड) — Heated with nitrogen.
• Ln(OH)₃ + H₂ (Ln(OH)₃ + H₂) — With water: basic hydroxide and hydrogen. The hydroxides are definite compounds, basic like alkaline-earth hydroxides.
• H₂ with dilute acids (तनु अम्लों से H₂) — They liberate hydrogen from dilute acids (E° about −2.2 to −2.4 V).
• Ln₂O₃: oxide (Ln₂O₃: ऑक्साइड) — Burn in oxygen to give the oxide M₂O₃.
• Ln₂S₃: sulphide (Ln₂S₃: सल्फ़ाइड) — Heated with sulphur.
• LnX₃: halide (LnX₃: हैलाइड) — Burn in halogens to form halides.
• Lanthanoid metal (लैंथेनॉयड धातु) — Early members are reactive like calcium; later ones behave more like aluminium.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT 4.7. Report a mistake