Female reproductive system (sectional view)मादा जनन तंत्र (काट का दृश्य)

NCERT Fig 2.3 (b) · Class 12 Biology · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Ovary (अंडाशय) — Primary female sex organ (2–4 cm). Makes the ovum and the ovarian hormones; joined to the uterus and pelvic wall by ligaments.
• Infundibulum (कीपक (इन्फंडीबुलम)) — Funnel-shaped part of the oviduct closest to the ovary.
• Fimbriae (झालर (फिम्ब्री)) — Finger-like projections on the edge of the infundibulum; they help collect the ovum after ovulation.
• Ampulla (तुंबिका (एम्पुला)) — The wider part of the oviduct after the infundibulum. Fertilisation takes place at the ampullary–isthmic junction.
• Isthmus (संकीर्ण पथ (इस्थमस)) — Last part of the oviduct; narrow lumen; joins the uterus.
• Fallopian tube (oviduct) (अंडवाहिनी (फैलोपियन नलिका)) — About 10–12 cm long; runs from the ovary to the uterus: infundibulum → ampulla → isthmus.
• Uterine fundus (गर्भाशय बुध्न (फंडस)) — Rounded top of the uterus, between the openings of the two oviducts.
• Perimetrium (परिगर्भाशय स्तर (पेरिमेट्रियम)) — Thin outer membranous layer of the uterine wall.
• Myometrium (गर्भाशय पेशी स्तर (मायोमेट्रियम)) — Thick middle layer of smooth muscle; contracts strongly during delivery of the baby.
• Endometrium (गर्भाशय अंतःस्तर (एंडोमेट्रियम)) — Inner glandular layer lining the uterine cavity; changes cyclically in the menstrual cycle; the embryo implants in it.
• Uterine cavity (गर्भाशय गुहा) — Space inside the uterus (womb, shaped like an inverted pear) where the foetus develops.
• Cervix (गर्भाशय ग्रीवा) — Narrow lower part of the uterus; opens into the vagina.
• Cervical canal (ग्रीवा नाल) — Cavity of the cervix. Cervical canal + vagina = birth canal.
• Vagina (योनि) — Muscular tube from the cervix to the outside; part of the birth canal.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.3 (b). Report a mistake