pH scale with some common substancespH स्केल और कुछ सामान्य पदार्थ

NCERT Fig 2.6, 2.7 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Acidic region (pH 0 to below 7) (अम्लीय भाग (pH 0 से 7 से कम)) — The lower the pH, the more H⁺(aq) ions and the stronger the acid.
• Neutral (pH = 7) (उदासीन (pH = 7)) — Pure water and solutions of salts of a strong acid + strong base (e.g. NaCl) have pH 7.
• Basic region (pH above 7 to 14) (क्षारकीय भाग (pH 7 से अधिक से 14 तक)) — As pH rises from 7 to 14, OH⁻ ion concentration increases — the alkali gets stronger.
• Gastric juice (about 1.2) (जठर रस (लगभग 1.2)) — Our stomach makes hydrochloric acid, which helps digestion. Too much acid → indigestion; antacids neutralise it.
• Lemon juice (about 2.2) (नींबू का रस (लगभग 2.2)) — Contains citric acid — a weak acid, but its pH is low.
• Pure water (7) (शुद्ध जल (7)) — Neutral — neither acidic nor basic.
• Blood (about 7.4) (रक्त (लगभग 7.4)) — Slightly basic. Our body works within pH 7.0 to 7.8.
• Milk of magnesia (about 10) (मिल्क ऑफ़ मैग्नीशिया (लगभग 10)) — Magnesium hydroxide — a mild base used as an antacid.
• Sodium hydroxide solution (about 14) (सोडियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड विलयन (लगभग 14)) — A strong alkali — very high OH⁻ concentration.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.6, 2.7. Report a mistake