Formation of sodium chloride by transfer of an electronइलेक्ट्रॉन स्थानांतरण द्वारा सोडियम क्लोराइड का निर्माण

NCERT Fig 3.5 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Sodium atom (2, 8, 1) (सोडियम परमाणु (2, 8, 1)) — One electron in its outermost (M) shell. Losing it leaves a stable octet in the L shell.
• Chlorine atom (2, 8, 7) (क्लोरीन परमाणु (2, 8, 7)) — Seven electrons in its outermost shell — needs one more to complete its octet.
• Electron transfer (इलेक्ट्रॉन का स्थानांतरण) — Sodium gives its outer electron to chlorine. Metal loses, non-metal gains.
• Sodium cation, Na⁺ (2, 8) (सोडियम धनायन, Na⁺ (2, 8)) — Still 11 protons but only 10 electrons → net +1 charge.
• Chloride anion, Cl⁻ (2, 8, 8) (क्लोराइड ऋणायन, Cl⁻ (2, 8, 8)) — 17 protons and 18 electrons → net −1 charge.
• Ionic (electrovalent) bond (आयनिक (वैद्युत संयोजी) आबंध) — Oppositely charged ions held by strong electrostatic forces. NaCl exists as aggregates of ions, not as molecules.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 3.5. Report a mistake