Soap molecule and a micelle around oily dirtसाबुन का अणु और तैलीय मैल के चारों ओर मिसेल

NCERT Fig 4.12, 4.13 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Ionic end — hydrophilic (आयनिक सिरा — जलरागी) — Interacts with water. Soap = sodium or potassium salt of a long-chain carboxylic acid.
• Carbon chain — hydrophobic (कार्बन श्रृंखला — जलविरागी) — Does not dissolve in water; it interacts with oil/hydrocarbons.
• Oily dirt (तैलीय मैल) — Most dirt is oily and does not dissolve in water. It gets trapped in the centre of the micelle.
• Micelle (मिसेल) — Cluster of soap molecules: tails inside (in the oil), ionic ends outside (in water). It forms an emulsion and the dirt is rinsed away. Ion–ion repulsion keeps micelles from coming together.
• Water (जल) — Micelles stay in water as a colloid; they scatter light, so soap solution looks cloudy.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 4.12, 4.13. Report a mistake