Refraction of light through a rectangular glass slabआयताकार काँच के स्लैब से प्रकाश का अपवर्तन

NCERT Fig 9.10 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Rectangular glass slab (आयताकार काँच का स्लैब) — Two parallel faces. Glass is optically denser than air (n ≈ 1.5).
• Incident ray (air → glass) (आपतित किरण (वायु → काँच)) — Enters the denser medium, slows down and bends towards the normal: r < i.
• Refracted ray (inside glass) (अपवर्तित किरण (काँच में)) — Travels in a straight line inside the slab.
• Emergent ray (glass → air) (निर्गत किरण (काँच → वायु)) — Comes out into the rarer medium, bends away from the normal. It is parallel to the incident ray.
• Normal at the first face (पहले फलक पर अभिलंब) — Angle of incidence i and angle of refraction r are measured from this normal.
• Normal at the second face (दूसरे फलक पर अभिलंब) — Angle of emergence e is measured from here; e = i.
• Lateral displacement (पार्श्विक विस्थापन) — Sideways shift between the incident ray (extended, dashed) and the emergent ray. More for a thicker slab.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 9.10. Report a mistake