Endocrine glands in human beingsमानव में अंतःस्रावी ग्रंथियाँ

NCERT Fig 6.7 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Pineal gland (पिनियल ग्रंथि) — A small endocrine gland in the brain.
• Hypothalamus (हाइपोथैलमस) — Releases releasing hormones, e.g. growth hormone releasing factor → pituitary releases growth hormone.
• Pituitary gland (पीयूष ग्रंथि) — Secretes growth hormone (deficiency in childhood → dwarfism).
• Thyroid gland (अवटु ग्रंथि) — Makes thyroxin (needs iodine); regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Iodine deficiency → goitre.
• Parathyroid glands (परावटु ग्रंथियाँ) — Small glands on the thyroid.
• Thymus (थाइमस ग्रंथि) — Endocrine gland in the chest.
• Adrenal glands (अधिवृक्क ग्रंथियाँ) — On top of the kidneys; secrete adrenaline for emergencies (faster heart beat and breathing).
• Pancreas (अग्न्याशय) — Secretes insulin, which regulates blood sugar. Too little → diabetes.
• Testes / ovaries (वृषण / अण्डाशय) — Testes make testosterone (males); ovaries make oestrogen (females) — changes at puberty.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 6.7. Report a mistake