Chlor-alkali process — electrolysis of brine and uses of its productsक्लोर-क्षार प्रक्रिया — लवण-जल का विद्युत अपघटन और उत्पादों के उपयोग

NCERT Fig 2.8 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Brine (aqueous sodium chloride) (लवण-जल (सोडियम क्लोराइड का जलीय विलयन)) — Electricity decomposes it — the chlor-alkali process ("chlor" for chlorine, "alkali" for NaOH).
• Anode (positive electrode) (ऐनोड (धन इलेक्ट्रोड)) — Chlorine gas is given off here.
• Cathode (negative electrode) (कैथोड (ऋण इलेक्ट्रोड)) — Hydrogen gas is given off here; sodium hydroxide solution forms near it.
• Battery (DC source) (बैटरी) — Supplies the electric current for electrolysis.
• Chlorine (Cl₂) (क्लोरीन (Cl₂)) — Uses: water treatment, swimming pools, PVC, disinfectants, CFCs, pesticides; also makes bleaching powder.
• Hydrogen (H₂) (हाइड्रोजन (H₂)) — Uses: fuels, margarine, ammonia for fertilisers. H₂ + Cl₂ also gives HCl.
• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (सोडियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड (NaOH)) — Uses: de-greasing metals, soaps and detergents, paper making, artificial fibres.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.8. Report a mistake