Isotopes of hydrogenहाइड्रोजन के समस्थानिक

NCERT Fig 8.12 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Protium ¹₁H (प्रोटियम ¹₁H) — 1 proton, 0 neutrons, 1 electron. About 99.98% of natural hydrogen.
• Deuterium ²₁H (ड्यूटीरियम ²₁H) — 1 proton, 1 neutron, 1 electron. About 0.015%.
• Tritium ³₁H (ट्राइटियम ³₁H) — 1 proton, 2 neutrons, 1 electron. Only in traces.
• Proton (p⁺) (प्रोटॉन (p⁺)) — All three have 1 proton → same atomic number Z = 1 → same element.
• Neutron (n⁰) (न्यूट्रॉन (n⁰)) — Different numbers of neutrons → different mass numbers (1, 2, 3).
• Electron (e⁻) (इलेक्ट्रॉन (e⁻)) — Each isotope has 1 electron, so the chemical properties are the same.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 8.12. Report a mistake