Newton’s third law: action–reaction pairsन्यूटन का तृतीय नियम: क्रिया–प्रतिक्रिया युग्म

NCERT Figs 6.31–6.33 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Gun (5 kg) (बंदूक (5 kg)) — Gets an equal force backward — recoil. Large mass, so small acceleration: 2 N ÷ 5 kg = 0.4 m/s² (Example 6.8).
• Bullet (0.1 kg) (गोली (0.1 kg)) — Same 2 N force forward but small mass: a = 2 ÷ 0.1 = 20 m/s².
• Equal and opposite force (बराबर और विपरीत बल) — The two forces act on DIFFERENT objects, so they never cancel each other.
• Non-contact forces too (असंपर्क बल भी) — Like poles of two magnets (or two charged balloons) push each other with equal and opposite forces.
• Earth and fruit (पृथ्वी और फल) — Equal gravitational forces on each other, but the Earth’s mass is so large that its acceleration is negligible; the fruit visibly falls.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Figs 6.31–6.33. Report a mistake