Mitosis and meiosis comparedसमसूत्री और अर्धसूत्री विभाजन की तुलना

NCERT Fig 2.18, 2.19 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Parent cell (mitosis) (जनक कोशिका (समसूत्री)) — A body cell, e.g. skin or onion root tip, with the full set of chromosomes.
• Mitosis — one division (समसूत्री — एक विभाजन) — For growth, repair, maintenance and asexual reproduction.
• Two identical daughter cells (दो समान संतति कोशिकाएँ) — Same DNA and same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• Parent cell (meiosis) (जनक कोशिका (अर्धसूत्री)) — Only in reproductive organs: testes, ovaries; in plants anthers and ovaries.
• First division (पहला विभाजन) — Two cells form and the chromosome number is reduced to half.
• Second division (दूसरा विभाजन) — Like mitosis — each of the two cells divides again.
• Four gametes (चार युग्मक) — Each has half the chromosomes; at fertilisation two gametes join and the full number is restored. Creates variation.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.18, 2.19. Report a mistake