The electromagnetic spectrumविद्युत-चुंबकीय स्पेक्ट्रम

NCERT Fig 13.2 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Gamma rays (गामा किरणें) — Shortest wavelength, highest energy; stopped by the upper atmosphere.
• X-rays (X-किरणें) — Very high energy; absorbed high in the atmosphere.
• Ultraviolet (UV) (पराबैंगनी (UV)) — 100–400 nm. Most is absorbed by the ozone layer; too much damages skin and eyes; used to kill germs in water purifiers.
• Visible light (दृश्य प्रकाश) — The colours we see (violet to red, ~400–700 nm); drives photosynthesis and warms land and water.
• Infrared (IR) (अवरक्त (IR)) — Heat radiation. Warms the surface; the surface re-radiates IR, which greenhouse gases trap.
• Microwaves (सूक्ष्म तरंगें) — Longer waves, low energy — used in ovens, radar and mobile communication.
• Radio waves (रेडियो तरंगें) — Longest wavelength, lowest energy; carry very little of the Sun’s energy.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 13.2. Report a mistake