Layers of the atmosphereवायुमंडल की परतें

NCERT Fig 13.7 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Troposphere (0–12 km) (क्षोभमंडल (0–12 km)) — Nearly all weather and water vapour; heated from the ground, so temperature falls ~6.5 °C per km. Thickest over the equator, thinnest over the poles.
• Stratosphere (12–50 km) (समतापमंडल (12–50 km)) — Temperature rises with height because ozone absorbs UV; calm, little vertical mixing — weather stays below.
• Ozone layer (ओज़ोन परत) — Inside the stratosphere; absorbs most harmful UV. CFCs thinned it (ozone hole); the Montreal Protocol is helping it recover.
• Mesosphere (मध्यमंडल) — Above 50 km; temperature falls again with height — the coldest part of the atmosphere.
• Thermosphere (and exosphere) (तापमंडल (और बाह्यमंडल)) — Very thin air that absorbs high-energy radiation; minor role in surface climate.
• About 100 km (लगभग 100 km) — The commonly used boundary where outer space begins.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 13.7. Report a mistake