Tensile, shearing and hydraulic stressतनन, अपरूपण और द्रवचालित प्रतिबल

NCERT Fig 8.2 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Tensile (longitudinal) stress (तनन (अनुदैर्ध्य) प्रतिबल) — Force normal to the face, stretching: stress = F/A, longitudinal strain = ΔL/L. Pushed in, it is compressive stress.
• Shearing (tangential) stress (अपरूपण (स्पर्शरेखीय) प्रतिबल) — Equal and opposite forces parallel to the faces: stress = F/A; shear strain = Δx/L = tan θ ≈ θ.
• Shear angle θ (अपरूपण कोण θ) — The angle through which a vertical face turns; very small in practice.
• Hydraulic stress (द्रवचालित प्रतिबल) — Equal pressure p from all sides (a body in a fluid): stress = p, volume strain = ΔV/V; shape stays the same.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 8.2. Report a mistake