Slope of a line: rise over run, m = tan θरेखा की ढाल: ऊर्ध्वाधर बदलाव ÷ क्षैतिज बदलाव, m = tan θSlope of a line: rise over run, m = tan θ

Section 9.2 · Class 11 Maths Ch 9 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Line l (रेखा l) — Any non-vertical line has one fixed slope — the same between ANY two of its points.
• Point A(x₁, y₁) (बिंदु A(x₁, y₁)) — First point on the line (here (1, 1)).
• Point B(x₂, y₂) (बिंदु B(x₂, y₂)) — Second point on the line (here (6, 4)).
• Run x₂ − x₁ (क्षैतिज बदलाव x₂ − x₁) — Horizontal change: 6 − 1 = 5.
• Rise y₂ − y₁ (ऊर्ध्वाधर बदलाव y₂ − y₁) — Vertical change: 4 − 1 = 3. So m = 3/5 = 0.6.
• Inclination θ (झुकाव θ) — Angle the line makes with the positive x-axis, measured anticlockwise; 0° ≤ θ < 180°. Slope m = tan θ (θ ≠ 90°).
• Slope formula (ढाल का सूत्र) — m = tan θ = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁), x₁ ≠ x₂. A vertical line has no defined slope.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub for NCERT Class 11 Maths Ch 9. Report a mistake