Bivalent showing synapsis and chiasma (prophase I)युगली में युग्मन और काएज्मेटा (पूर्वावस्था I)

NCERT Fig 10.3 (prophase I) · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Homologue 1 (maternal) (समजात 1 (मातृ)) — One chromosome of the homologous pair — two sister chromatids (red).
• Homologue 2 (paternal) (समजात 2 (पितृ)) — The other homologue (blue).
• Sister chromatids (सहोदर अर्धगुणसूत्र) — Two identical copies of one chromosome joined at the centromere.
• Centromere (गुणसूत्रबिंदु) — Holds the sister chromatids together.
• Chiasma (crossing over) (काएज्मेटा (विनिमय)) — X-shaped point where non-sister chromatids have exchanged segments — the visible sign of crossing over.
• Bivalent / tetrad (युगली / चतुष्क) — Pair of synapsed homologues = 2 chromosomes, 4 chromatids.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 10.3 (prophase I). Report a mistake