Transformer: coils on separate limbsट्रांसफ़ॉर्मर: अलग-अलग भुजाओं पर कुंडलियाँTransformer: coils on separate limbs

NCERT Fig 7.16(b) · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 7 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Laminated soft-iron core (पटलित नर्म लौह क्रोड) — Thin insulated iron sheets: guide almost all the flux from primary to secondary and cut eddy-current loss. Soft iron has low hysteresis loss.
• Primary coil (Np turns) (प्राथमिक कुंडली (Np फेरे)) — The input coil, connected to the ac source. Its alternating current makes an alternating flux in the core.
• Secondary coil (Ns turns) (द्वितीयक कुंडली (Ns फेरे)) — The output coil. The changing flux induces εs = −Ns dφ/dt in it (mutual induction).
• Alternating magnetic flux φ (प्रत्यावर्ती चुंबकीय फ्लक्स φ) — The same flux per turn links both coils (ideal transformer). Its direction reverses every half cycle.
• Input voltage Vp (निवेशी वोल्टता Vp) — AC only — a steady dc gives no changing flux, so no output.
• Load across the secondary (Vs) (द्वितीयक पर भार (Vs)) — Vs = (Ns/Np)Vp and Is = (Np/Ns)Ip for an ideal transformer.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 7.16(b). Report a mistake