Potential due to an electric dipoleविद्युत द्विध्रुव के कारण विभवPotential due to an electric dipole

NCERT Fig 2.4 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Charge −q (आवेश −q) — Distance r₂ from P.
• Charge +q (आवेश +q) — Distance r₁ from P.
• Dipole moment p (द्विध्रुव आघूर्ण p) — Points from −q to +q; p = q × 2a.
• Centre O (केंद्र O) — Mid-point of the dipole; r is measured from here.
• Point P (बिंदु P) — V = kq/r₁ − kq/r₂ ≈ p cos θ/(4πε₀r²).
• Distance r from the centre (केंद्र से दूरी r) — For r ≫ a the potential falls as 1/r².
• Distance from +q (+q से दूरी) — r₁ ≈ r − a cos θ
• Distance from −q (−q से दूरी) — r₂ ≈ r + a cos θ
• Angle θ (कोण θ) — Angle between r and p. On the axis (θ = 0) V = ±p/(4πε₀r²); on the equatorial plane (θ = 90°) V = 0.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.4. Report a mistake