Polarisation of a dielectric in an electric fieldविद्युत क्षेत्र में परावैद्युत का ध्रुवणPolarisation of a dielectric in an electric field

NCERT Fig 2.20–2.23 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• External field E₀ (बाह्य क्षेत्र E₀) — The applied uniform field.
• Dielectric slab (परावैद्युत पट्टिका) — An insulator: no free charges, so the field can only stretch or turn its molecules.
• Molecular dipoles (आणविक द्विध्रुव) — Non-polar molecules get induced dipoles; polar molecules line up. Inside, neighbouring + and − cancel.
• Surface charge −σp (पृष्ठ आवेश −σp) — Uncancelled ends of the dipoles at this face.
• Surface charge +σp (पृष्ठ आवेश +σp) — Together with −σp it makes a field opposite to E₀, reducing the field inside.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.20–2.23. Report a mistake