A conductor in an external electric fieldबाह्य विद्युत क्षेत्र में चालकA conductor in an external electric field

NCERT Fig 2.16–2.17 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 2 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Conductor (चालक) — Free electrons move until the field inside is zero; the whole body is one equipotential.
• Field inside = 0 (अंदर क्षेत्र = 0) — In the static situation the field of the induced charges cancels the external field inside.
• Induced negative charge (प्रेरित ऋण आवेश) — Electrons pile up on the side facing the incoming field.
• Induced positive charge (प्रेरित धन आवेश) — The far side is left with a deficit of electrons. Total charge stays zero.
• Field lines meet the surface at 90° (क्षेत्र रेखाएँ पृष्ठ से 90° पर मिलती हैं) — Any tangential part of E would move surface charges, so at equilibrium E is normal to the surface. Just outside, E = σ/ε₀.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 2.16–2.17. Report a mistake