Cells in series and in parallelश्रेणी और पार्श्व क्रम में सेलCells in series and in parallel

NCERT Fig 3.13–3.14 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 3 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• Cell 1 (emf ε₁) (सेल 1 (ε₁)) — Long thin line = positive terminal, short thick line = negative.
• Cell 2 (emf ε₂) (सेल 2 (ε₂)) — In series the emfs add (if a cell is reversed, its emf is subtracted).
• Internal resistance r₁ (आंतरिक प्रतिरोध r₁) — In series the internal resistances add.
• Internal resistance r₂ (आंतरिक प्रतिरोध r₂) — r(eq) = r₁ + r₂
• Cell 1 in parallel (पार्श्व में सेल 1) — Both cells share the same terminal voltage V.
• Cell 2 in parallel (पार्श्व में सेल 2) — I = I₁ + I₂ at the junction.
• r₁ (parallel) (r₁ (पार्श्व)) — 1/r(eq) = 1/r₁ + 1/r₂
• r₂ (parallel) (r₂ (पार्श्व)) — Two identical cells in parallel: same emf, half the internal resistance.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 3.13–3.14. Report a mistake