AC voltage across a pure inductor (current lags)शुद्ध प्रेरक पर ac वोल्टता (धारा पीछे)AC voltage across a pure inductor (current lags)

NCERT Fig 7.5 / 7.6 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 7 · interactive diagram

Parts and what they mean

• AC source (ac स्रोत) — v = vm sin ωt.
• Pure inductor L (शुद्ध प्रेरक L) — Resistance assumed zero. Its back emf L di/dt opposes every change of current (Lenz’s law).
• Voltage phasor V (वोल्टता फ़ेज़र V) — Length vm, rotating anticlockwise at ω.
• Current phasor I (धारा फ़ेज़र I) — π/2 BEHIND V (clockwise from V). Length im = vm/(ωL).
• Phase difference π/2 (कलांतर π/2) — i = im sin(ωt − π/2): the current lags the voltage by a quarter cycle.
• Anticlockwise rotation at ω (ω से वामावर्त घूर्णन) — Both phasors turn together; the angle between them stays π/2.
• Voltage v (वोल्टता v) — v = vm sin ωt (red).
• Current i (धारा i) — i = im sin(ωt − π/2) = −im cos ωt (blue).
• Current peaks later (धारा का शिखर बाद में) — The current reaches its maximum T/4 after the voltage does.
• Phasor axes (फ़ेज़र अक्ष) — Angles measured anticlockwise.
• Current in the circuit (परिपथ में धारा) — Shown at one instant; it reverses every half cycle.
• Time axis (ωt) (समय अक्ष (ωt)) — π/2 on this axis = T/4 in time.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 7.5 / 7.6. Report a mistake