A common domestic electric circuit (schematic)एक सामान्य घरेलू विद्युत परिपथ (व्यवस्था आरेख)

NCERT Fig 12.15 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Mains supply (मुख्य आपूर्ति (मेन्स)) — 220 V supply through overhead poles or underground cables.
• Main fuse (मुख्य फ़्यूज़) — Melts and breaks the circuit if a very high current flows.
• Electricity meter (विद्युत मीटर) — Records the energy used in kW h (units).
• Main switch and distribution box (मुख्य स्विच और वितरण बक्स) — Splits supply into separate circuits (15 A for geysers, coolers; 5 A for bulbs, fans), each with its own fuse.
• Live wire (red) (विद्युन्मय तार (लाल)) — Also called positive. Potential difference with neutral = 220 V.
• Neutral wire (black) (उदासीन तार (काला)) — Also called negative. Completes the circuit.
• Earth wire (green) (भूसंपर्क तार (हरा)) — Connected to a metal plate deep in the earth. Gives leakage current a low-resistance path, so the user does not get a severe shock.
• Appliances in parallel (पार्श्वक्रम में साधित्र) — Each gets the same 220 V and can be switched on/off independently. Metal-body appliances (iron) are earthed.
• Switch for each appliance (हर साधित्र का स्विच) — Placed in the live wire, so the appliance is dead when switched off.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 12.15. Report a mistake