T.S. of dicot and monocot stemद्विबीजपत्री और एकबीजपत्री तने की अनुप्रस्थ काट

NCERT Fig 6.4 · interactive diagram

Parts and their functions

• Epidermis (बाह्यत्वचा) — Outermost layer with a thin cuticle; may have trichomes and a few stomata.
• Hypodermis (dicot) (अधस्त्वचा (द्विबीजपत्री)) — A few layers of collenchyma — mechanical strength to the young stem.
• Cortex (वल्कुट) — Rounded thin-walled parenchyma with intercellular spaces.
• Endodermis (starch sheath) (अंतस्त्वचा (मंड आच्छद)) — Innermost cortical layer, rich in starch grains.
• Pericycle (परिरंभ) — Semi-lunar patches of sclerenchyma above the phloem.
• Vascular bundles in a ring (वलय में संवहन बंडल) — Conjoint, open, endarch protoxylem — characteristic of dicot stem.
• Pith (मज्जा) — Large central parenchyma with intercellular spaces; medullary rays between bundles.
• Sclerenchymatous hypodermis (दृढ़ोतकी अधस्त्वचा) — Hypodermis of monocot stem.
• Ground tissue (भरण ऊतक) — Large conspicuous parenchymatous ground tissue (no distinct cortex/pith).
• Scattered bundles (बिखरे बंडल) — Conjoint, closed, with sclerenchymatous sheath; peripheral ones smaller; no phloem parenchyma; water cavities.

Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 6.4. Report a mistake