Animal cell (electron microscope view)प्राणी कोशिका (इलेक्ट्रॉन सूक्ष्मदर्शी दृश्य)
NCERT Fig 8.3 (b) · interactive diagram
Parts and their functions
- Plasma membrane (प्लाज़्मा झिल्ली) — Lipid bilayer with proteins (fluid mosaic); selectively permeable.
- Nucleus (केंद्रक) — Double-membrane nuclear envelope with pores; chromatin and nucleolus inside.
- Nucleolus (केंद्रिक) — Non-membrane body; site of active ribosomal RNA synthesis.
- Rough ER (खुरदरी अंतर्द्रव्यी जालिका) — ER with ribosomes — protein synthesis and secretion.
- Smooth ER (चिकनी अंतर्द्रव्यी जालिका) — No ribosomes — lipid synthesis; steroid hormones in animal cells.
- Golgi apparatus (गॉल्जी उपकरण) — Stacked cisternae; packages materials; site of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
- Mitochondrion (सूत्रकणिका) — Double membrane, cristae; site of aerobic respiration — “powerhouse”.
- Lysosome (लयनकाय) — Membrane vesicle full of acid hydrolases; digests carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.
- Centrioles (centrosome) (तारककेंद्र (सेंट्रोसोम)) — Two perpendicular cylinders; form spindle apparatus and basal bodies of cilia/flagella.
- Ribosomes (राइबोसोम) — Non-membrane granules (RNA + protein); 80S in eukaryotes; protein synthesis.
- Microvilli (सूक्ष्मांकुर) — Finger-like projections of the plasma membrane that increase surface area.
Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 8.3 (b). Report a mistake